Transfusions Of Blood And Blood Components Are Used To Save The Lives Of Patients Suffering From Bleeding Disorders

 

Blood And Blood Components

Blood is a fluid composed of plasma and cells that circulates throughout the body. It provides essential substances to cells and organs, such as sugars, oxygen, and hormones, and removes waste from cells. Hematologists investigate and treat blood and bone marrow disorders. They also research and treat diseases of the immune system, blood clotting, and blood vessels. Blood-related health problems can be fatal, but effective treatment is often available. Blood diseases, mostly different types of anaemia, were responsible for 10,066 deaths in the United States in 2008.

Blood And Blood Components are used in clinical settings for blood transfusion to save the lives of patients suffering from bleeding disorders, traumatic surgery, chronic diseases, or rare blood diseases. Hemophilia A or B, sickle cell anaemia, Von Willebrand disease, and other bleeding disorders necessitate blood transfusions. Patients who have been severely injured in car accidents or other traumatic incidents such as violence and assault usually require traumatic surgery. Road accidents cause significant blood loss and haemorrhage, necessitating an immediate blood transfusion to maintain blood volume and save the patient's life.

Furthermore, blood transfusion is required in the treatment of chronic diseases such as blood cancer because cancer treatment involving surgery causes significant blood loss and blood cell loss. Patients undergoing stem cell transplantation for the treatment of blood cancers such as leukaemia, myeloma, lymphoma, and others require high doses of chemotherapy, which causes blood cell depletion. Furthermore, plasma donation is critical for maintaining immunoglobulin levels in the body, which are required for the immune system to function properly.

The main of blood Components are:

·        Plasma - In humans, plasma accounts for approximately 55% of blood fluid. Plasma is 92% water, with the remaining 8% consisting of:  glucose, Mineral salts, fats, and vitamins

·        Red Blood Cells- The shape of red blood cells is a slightly indented, flattened disc. They are responsible for transporting oxygen to and from the lungs. Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that transports oxygen to its destination. A red blood cell has a four-month lifespan and is replaced on a regular basis by the body. Every second, the human body generates approximately 2 million blood cells.

·        White Blood Cells- White blood cells constitute less than 1% of blood volume and serve as vital defences against disease and infection. White blood cells in a microliter of blood typically range from 3,700 to 10,500. Increased or decreased levels of white blood cells can indicate disease.

·        Platelets- Platelets work with clotting proteins to stop or prevent bleeding. Platelets should range between 150,000 and 400,000 per microliter of blood.