Computational Biology involves the development and application of statistical and theoretical methods for the analysis of data
Computational Biology |
The development and
implementation of data-analytical and theoretical methodologies, mathematical
modelling, and computational simulation techniques in life sciences is the
emphasis of computational biology. Computational
Biology and bioinformatics are multidisciplinary fields that create and use
computational methods to analyse huge amounts of biological data, such as
genetic sequences, cell populations, or protein samples, in order to make new
predictions or find novel biology. Analytical approaches, mathematical
modelling, and simulation are among the computational methods employed.
Computational
Biology is the study of biological, ecological, behavioural, and
social systems using mathematical modelling and computational simulation tools.
The discipline is extensive in scope, encompassing biology, applied
mathematics, statistics, biochemistry, chemistry, biophysics, molecular
biology, genetics, genomics, computer science, ecology, and evolution, but it
is most usually conceived of as the junction of computer science, biology, and
big data. Biological computing, a subject of computer engineering that uses
bioengineering and biology to design computers, is not the same as
computational biology.
In the early 1970s,
bioinformatics began to take shape. It was regarded as a science that studied
the informatics processes of many biological systems. Artificial intelligence
research at the time was generating new algorithms by leveraging network models
of the human brain. The notion of utilising computers to assess and compare big
data sets was revisited by biological researchers as a result of the use of
biological data to advance other areas. Punch cards were being used to transmit
information among academics by 1982. By the end of the 1980s, the amount of data
being transferred had grown dramatically. This necessitated the creation of new
computer tools for swiftly analysing and interpreting important data.
Computational Biology has been a
significant aspect in developing future technologies for the science of biology
since the late 1990s, spawning a slew of new subfields. The International
Society for Computational Biology (ISCB) now recognises 21 Communities of
Special Interest (COSIs), each of which represents a subset of the greater
subject of computational biology. Computational biology has aided and continues
to help construct realistic models of the human brain, map the 3D structure of
genomes, and assist in modelling biological systems, in addition to assisting
in the sequencing of the human genome.
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