This natural hormone is used to treat a variety of
life-threatening disorders, including septic shock and bleeding irregularities.
Vasopressin is a hormone that is produced naturally and aids in the regulation
of numerous body activities. Vasopressin allows normal cellular activity by
maintaining the right volume of water in the area that surrounds cells
throughout the body. Vasopressin (also known as antidiuretic hormone) helps to
regulate the circadian rhythm, or the 24-hour cycle of sleep and waking.
Vasopressin also aids in the regulation of the body's internal temperature, blood
volume, and urine output from the kidneys. Men and women both make vasopressin,
but because of the way it interacts with the male sex hormone testosterone, men
feel its effects more intensely. Vasopressin is produced and transported to the
pituitary gland, which then releases it into the bloodstream, by nerve cells at
the base of the brain (hypothalamus). Vasopressin is released in response to
pain, stress, and some medicines, such as opiates (narcotics).
How is Vasopressin
given?
Vasopressin is injected into a muscle or
administered as a venous infusion. This injection will be given to you by a
healthcare practitioner. Vasopressin is occasionally injected into the nose to
treat diabetes insipidus, either by a nasal spray or a medication dropper, or
with the insertion of a cotton pad soaked in the drug. Vasopressin can produce
nausea, stomach discomfort, or skin "blanching" as a transient
adverse effect (pale spots when you press on the skin). Drinking one or two
glasses of water after each injection may help to alleviate these adverse
effects.
To assist regulate your condition, vasopressin is
normally taken as needed. The amount of time between doses is determined by how
your body reacts to the drug. Medical testing will be required on a regular
basis. An electrocardiograph, or ECG, may be used to monitor your heart
function (sometimes called an EKG). Vasopressin injections are commonly
administered 2 hours and 30 minutes before an abdomen x-ray when utilised for
this purpose. Before receiving your first dosage of vasopressin, your doctor
may advise you to have an enema.
Side Effects of
vasopressin-
·
fast or slow
heartbeats;
·
low sodium level;
·
numbness or tingling;
·
pounding in your head
or ears;
·
dizziness, spinning
sensation;
·
pale skin, numbness in
your fingers or toes;
·
stomach pain, gas,
nausea, vomiting; or
·
sweating.
Vasopressin is a nine-amino-acid peptide that is produced as a "pre-pro-hormone"
in the hypothalamus. This precursor travels from the magnocellular neurons'
axons to the post-pituitary gland through the pituitary stalk. Vasopressin is
primarily stored in the intracellular compartment of the post-pituitary gland.
Only 10–20 percent of the amount of vasopressin produced after stimulation may
be delivered into the bloodstream ight away.
The major physiological regulators of vasopressin
production are plasma osmolality, blood volume, and blood pressure. The former
is clearly the more important: increasing plasma osmolality, as perceived by
hypothalamic osmoreceptors, causes a significant increase in plasma vasopressin
levels. A 2% drop in total body water results in a doubling of vasopressin
levels.
Hypovolemia and hypotension cause atrial volume
receptors and carotid baroreceptors to be stimulated, resulting in vasopressin
production. Vasopressin secretion is more sensitive to modest osmolarity
changes than hypotension-related vasopressin secretion, which needs substantial
pressure and volume changes. Vasopressin has a short plasma half-life of 5–15
minutes, with renal and hepatic vasopressinases primarily responsible for its
elimination.
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