Human Microbiome Identifies Millions of Genetic Fingerprints of All Kinds of Organisms Living In Human Body

 

The Human Microbiome identifies an incredible number of genetic fingerprints of a myriad of organisms living in the human body. The human genome is surprisingly well conserved. Nearly all of what we realize concerning the genome is gained from studying bacteria, however the human microbiota is a huge field of research. One might contemplate it to function as natural laboratories of medical and medical sciences. The genome sequencing has revolutionized the medical research and allowed doctors to map the event of individual genes in several ways.

In nature, the Human Microbiome contains tens of thousands of strains of bacteria, fungi, and other single-celled organisms. Each one of these has a diverse selection of roles. Each has a role in digestion, metabolism, regulation of immunity, and the production of growth hormones. Yet the human body is home to numerous diverse species of the microorganisms.

To examine the Human Microbiome, a sizable number of researchers have turned to high-throughput genetic sequencing and genomics. They have developed highly refined strategies for sequencing and analyzing microbial genomes using shotgun sequencing and RNA sequencing technologies. The computational tools have enabled scientists to spot countless putative microbial genome locations with a advanced level of accuracy.

The human microbiome is also influenced by the diversity of the dietary plan of the individual. Different foods can alter the concentrations of both good and bad bacteria in the intestines. In particular dietary factors such as for instance antibiotics, sugars, alcohol, nuts, legumes, soy products, wheat and cereal have now been shown to improve the concentrations of certain bacteria, while retaining others, in the colon. These diet-induced shifts in the composition of the microorganisms in the gut may promote the growth of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. Such effects may take into account the observed correlation between diet and the incidence of abdominal inflammatory bowel disease, which has also been associated with the increased danger of diabetes.

To monitor the impact of diet on the Human Microbiome, various researchers carried out several high-throughput shotgun metagenomic analysis experiments. In these experiments, microbial genomes are afflicted by shotgun sequencing and then to high throughput PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to generate amplicons and sequencing fragments. Afterward, the sequences are assembled into libraries and analyzed over the next two years. It has provided an unprecedented insight into the type and function of the human body's intestinal microbial communities. Some of the conclusions reached by these researchers include:

Enrichment of the microbial communities: Using metagenomics, the researchers identified six global enrichment elements of the metagenomic elements of the human microbiome. The enrichment results were highly significant and are reflected in the molecular assembly of the genomes of all tested stool samples from seven different locations. These data revealed drastic differences in the microbial communities throughout the world. Surprisingly, the results also showed substantial translational validity. These findings are in line with the premise that the metagenome is dynamic and changing, and this gives strong support for the notion that the human body's microbial communities are highly modular and highly conserved.