Cancer Vaccines; Depend On Target-Specific Activation of the Patient's Immune System

 


Cancer Vaccines are drugs considered as biological response modifiers that work by stimulating the body's immune system to fight cancer. Cancer vaccines are of two types, such as treatment vaccines and prevention vaccines. Treatment vaccines are widely used to strengthen natural immune response to fight cancer, while prevention vaccines used to prevent the disease. These vaccines can be administered intravenously in both children and adults. Cancer vaccines help destroy cancer cells, stop further spread, and prevent cancer from recurring.

Cancer Vaccines have the potential to cure many types of cancer. Some of them are being tested in clinical trials for potential use in humans. Scientists and researchers have been trying for many years to develop a safe and effective cancer vaccination. The vaccine stimulates the body's immune system to protect it from foreign substances. Cancer is one of the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. According to American Cancer Society, in 2020, there will be around 1.8 million new cancer cases and 606,520 cancer deaths in the United States.

Cancer vaccines recognize the foreign particle and strengthen the body's immune system to fight against it. Cancer Vaccines either prevent the growth of cancer or kill cancer cells when they develop in the body. Such vaccines are called therapeutic vaccines. Some/most of these vaccines are also identical, being produced from genetically identical samples taken directly from the patient. However, some cancer vaccines are discovered through genetic engineering, using the same DNA from the healthy person and introduced into the body.

Cancer vaccines have been widely studied for prevention and treatment of tumors. One of the several types of cancer vaccines is whole tumor cell vaccine. Cancer treatment vaccines boost the immune system's ability to find and destroy antigens. Common side effects associated with currently approved cancer vaccines may include neuralgia, nausea, myalgia, headache, flu-like symptoms, fever, fatigue/malaise, joint ache, chills, back pain, and anorexia.


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